Improvement in machines for crushing mineral ores



. P. PARROTT.

Ore Crusher.

Patented May 29, 1860.

I'zg 5 lrrve l N, PETERS. Prwco-unhu m m Wnhington. D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM P. PARROTT, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR CRUSHING MINERAL ORES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 28,499, dated May 29,1860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM P. PARROTT, civil engineer, of Boston, inthe county of Suffolk, in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, haveinvented a new and useful or improved machine for crushing mineral oresand separating therefrom the metallic particles with which they may beimpregnated; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full andexact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making part of the same.

' Figure 1 of such drawings being a top View of my said machine; Fig. 2,a front elevation of it; Fig. 3, a rear elevation of it; Fig. 4, atransverse section taken through its rotary sieve. Fig. 5 is a verticalsection taken through the crushing-rollers; Fig. 6, a longitudinalsection of the rotary sieve and case, the fan-blower, its conduit, andseparator; Fig. 7, a top view of fluted crushing-rollers, showing theangular arrangement of their flutes.

The nature of my invention consists in a combination and arrangement ofone or more sets of crushing-rollers, a sifting or screeningapparatus,an air-blast or fan-blower, and a discharging spout or conduit providedwith a separator so arranged that by the conjoint operation of gravityand a blast of air the mineral matters may be separated from the refuseore, substantially as herein described; also, in so combining theair-blast or fanblower case and the conduit and its separator that thelatter or the same and the conduit may be adjusted to any desirableangle of inclination relatively to the horizon; also, in so combiningthe rotary screen with the fan blast or blower and the conduit providedwith a separator that the air blown through the conduit shall be made tofirst pass through the rotary screen, substantially in manner and forthe purpose as described; also, in combining a regulating air-hole andplug or equivalent with the case of the rotary screen and with thefan-blower applied to operate therewith and with a discharging conduitand separator; also, in combining the extra inclined sieve or separatora with the rotary screen 8, the regulating air-inlets c and thefan-blast apparatus, its conduit, and separator.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the drawings, A represents a strong frame, made of wood or othersuitable material, carrying two sets of crushing-rolls B B and O 0,arranged so that the material operated upon may pass from one set to theother. In case the ores are very hard this series or set of rollers maybe increased with a similar arrangement of one set below the others. Intreating some kinds of oreIprefer to flute the upper or first series ofrollers with the flutes not parallel to the axes of the rolls, butplaced at an angle or obliquely thereto, and so that those of one rollmay be in opposite directions relatively to that of the other, or asrepresented in Fig. 7, the same being in order that in working theoperation of the flutes may resemble the action of shears. The upper setof rolls may have the boxes of their journals so arranged againstsprings or weighted levers that said rolls may be able to separate ormove apart from one another in case a substance too hard for the rollsto crush may be taken in between them.

The rolls may be made with chilled-iron surfaces, or of steel or otherhard metal, the lower or last series being so arranged as to run veryclosely together and be held firmly in that position in order that bytheir operation the ore may be reduced to or nearly to an impalpablepowder.

Under the first series of rolls a grate G, with suitable passages orspaces 01. a in it, is placed, it being slightly inclined toward oneside of the frame A in order to arrest those particles which may be toolarge or unsuitable to pass between the next set of rolls, for in copperores it will often be the case that there may be portions of metallicparts which may be already partially cleaned and be too large andirregular in their form to pass between the lower rollers. The portionsthus assorted may be discharged by a conductor f into a suitablereceptacle. The other portions by another conductor f are to be carriedto the next series of rolls, and so on to the last series, when theremay be more than two series. After passing between the rollers thecrushed material should be conducted into a rotary screen or sieve s.This screen may be constructed of wire net or perforated plate and maycontain within it rub+ bers R R, suspended from the screen-shaft s andhanging vertically by their own weight, the shaft revolving within theirstirrups or suspension devices. These rubbers may be segmental insection and be placed very close to the inside surface of their screenin order that the powdered material or ore that may be caked by theoperation of the rolls may be completely pulverized and caused to passthrough the meshes of the rotary screen. The metallic particles beingflattened by the rolls will, unless they should be very small,beassorted by the screen and pass out at its open end and in to asuitable spout H. The smaller particles, with the dust containing them,will drop through the meshes of the sieve and upon an inclined plane aarranged in the sieve-box 5 as shown in Fig. 6, and furnished with longslits or air-apertures b 19 Below and in rear of the said inclined planea there is an air inlet or opening 0 made through the side of the box 19and provided with a plug. The powdered ore falling on the plane will beconducted by it to a spout or conduit d, leading out of the case b andinto a fan-blower or air-blast apparatus, (shown at 6 By being drawnthrough the rotary sieve the current of air facilitates the passage ofthe mineral particles through its meshes as well as their transmissioninto the fan-blast apparatus. The particles will be carried forward bythe current of air and blown into a discharging spout or conduit is,which should be so arranged or applied to the fan-case as to be capableof being adjusted to any desirable angle of elevation in order tocontrol the action of gravitation on the powdered particles passing upthe conduit, which is constructed with two dischargingpassages f 9 onebeing at the outer end of the conduit and the other near the case andbelow a dividing perforated partition or separator h or an arrangementof ripples or bars having spaces between them for communicating with thepart L of the conduit, such part being closed at its upper end, so thatthere need be no current of air through it.

In applying the discharging-conduit of the air-blast apparatus to itscase the two may be provided with two sets of curved flanges a a b b,which may project from them, respectively, one set being arranged so asto lap over the other and keep the conduit close up to the curvedperiphery of the case and allow such conduit to be adjusted to any angleof inclination as well as to be removed from the case when necessary.

Upon the lower end of the part L the discharging-passage g is placed, itbeing for the purpose of removing the particles which are thrown intosaid part L.

When the machine is put into operation, the hopper i of the upper rollsis to be charged with a suitable quantity of the ore, which by theaction of such rolls will afterward be reduced to a gross powder, theinclined screen immediately below them separating the irregular massesof metal, which will be carried off out of the apparatus, the balancefalling through the inclined grate and being directed upon and crushedby the other rolls. From them it passes into the revolving screen 8,where the next larger particles of metal are separated, and thematerial, thoroughly pulverized by the action of the'rubbers, will bedrawn into the blower and by it be thrown into its discharging-conduit.As the mass is blown through the conduit by currents of air created bythe fan, the metallic particles, being heavier than the dust, will take,gradually, the lower position and be arrested by the ripples and willfall back between them and into the lower trunk or part L, and finallywill be discharged out of it. The trunk may be continued to a convenientlength to carry the earth now cleaned from the metal to a suitable pointof deposit.

I am aware that rollers have been used for crushing ores and screensused for separating the-grains of different sizes for the purpose ofwashing with water. I do not claim a combination of rollers and screensfor that purpose. By means of the air-inlet c and its plug the currentof air drawn through the rotary sieve may be moderated or varied ascircumstances may require.

I claim I 1. The above-described combination and arrangement of one ormore sets of crushingrollers, B, B, C, O, a sifting or screeningapparatus (consisting of a rotary screen S, and its case bi) an airblast or blower 6 and a discharging-conduit, 7a, provided with aseparator h, so arranged that by the conjoint action of gravity and ablast of air, the mineral matters maybe separated from the refuse ore,the whole being for crushing ore and separating the metal therefromsubstantially as specified.

2. So combining the air-blast or fan-blower, c and the conduit, is, andits separator, h, that the said conduit and separator may be adjusted atany desirable angle of inclination relatively to the horizon.

3. So combining the rotary screen-case, 17 with the fan blast or blower,c and the conduit, 70, provided with a separator, 72, that the air blownthrough the conduit shall first be made to pass through the rotary sievesubstantially in manner and for the purpose as described.

4. Combining a regulating air-hole, c and plug or its equivalent withthe case, b, of the rotary screen S and with the fan-blower, 6 appliedto operate therewith and with a discharging-conduit is, furnished with aseparator h, as specified.

5. Combining the inclined screen, a of the rotary sieve-case with therotary screen, S, the regulating air-inlet, c and the fan-blastapparatus e its conduit, 7c, and separator, h.

WM. P. PARROTT.

Witnesses:

R. H. EDDY, F. P. HALE, Jr.

